On the khoshuts of kalmykia
Abstract
The article examines some issues on the history of the genesis of the Kalmyk ethnic subgroup — Khoshuts. With evidence from historical sources, archival materials, scholarly literature, the study depicts the history of the Khoshuts from the time of the 1663 Kundulen Ubashi-led decampment from Dzungaria (where Galdan Khan’s rule had began) towards the Volga. Despite the fact Ablai Taishi of the Khoshuts had considerable military forces under his command, his struggle with Ayuka Khan resulted in the annexation of his people to the Kalmyk Khanate.
The article draws on the genealogical table of the Khoshut noyons (princes) of Kalmykia that begins with Khan Noyon Khongor — a 10th generation descendant of Habutu Hasar, Genghis Khan’s younger brother. Special attention is paid to the description of the events connected with the Khoshut Noyon Jamyang (Zamyan) who claimed descent from Baibagas Baghatur’s younger brother — Dzasagtu Chinbaatar. After the 1771 Ubashi Khan-led exodus of Kalmyks, the remaining Khoshut clans, by Catherine the Great’s order, were assigned to the property of Noyon Jamyang as a reward for the loyalty of the latter. After Jamyang’s death, the Khoshuts were ruled by his stepson Tyumenjargal who was succeeded in the position by his sons Serebjab Tyumen and Baatar Ubashi Tyumen.
The author draws on rich research materials to depict in detail the history of the Khoshuts of Kalmykia: the establishment of aimags (settlements), opening of the school, participation in wars, years of deportation, administrative reforms, etc.
About the Author
Norovsambuu Naranjargal
Mongolian State Pedagogical University (Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia)
Mongolia
Mongolia
Postgraduate Student
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Review
For citations:
Naranjargal N. On the khoshuts of kalmykia. Mongolian Studies. 2016;8(1):43-64. (In Russ.)
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