Selecting Clear Script Equivalents for Tibetan Buddhist Terms: a Case Study of Tyugmyud Gavji’s Translation of ‘The Sea of Parables’

The paper addresses the problem of studying the vocabulary of translated written Oirat-language monuments in comparison to their Tibetan-language originals. It briefly describes the lexicographic works based on materials from ancient Buddhist sources and available to modern Oiratologists. In addition, it examines some issues of studying the language of the monuments through the use of modern computer programs, provides examples of text processing, and analyzes the results obtained.

1. [The Sea of Parables]. Manuscript of the Clear Script (Oirat) translation by Ven. Tyugmyud Gavji. At: Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS, Scientific Archive Fond Ф–8 (Fond of Rare Manuscripts). Ser. 1. File 2. Notebooks 1–4. 289 p. (In Kalm.)

2. The Sutra of the Wise and the Fool. Tibetan-language xylograph. At: Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS, Scientific Archive. Fond ФД–15 (Fond of О. М. Dordzhiev). Ser. 1. File 20. 293 p. (In Tib.)

3. [A Concise Mongolian-Russian Dictionary]. D. N. Muzraeva (comp.). Elista: Kalmyk State University, 2012. 224 p. (In Russ.)

4. [Kalmyk Heroic Epic of Jangar: Frequency Dictionary]. S. E. Bachaeva et al. (comps.); V. V. Kukanova (foreword); G. Ts. Pyurbeev (ed.). Elista: Kalmyk Scientific Center of RAS, 2017. 161 p. (In Kalm. and Russ.)

5. Basangova T. G., Burykin A. A. Developing digital resources for folklore studies: creation and use of the Digital Library of World Folk Tales. In: [Information Technologies and Written Heritage]. Conf. proc. V. A. Baranov (ed.). Ufa: Vagant, 2010. Pp. 32–35. (In Russ.)

6. Bayanova A. T., Kukanova V. V. The early dictionaries: the history of the book and the book in history (evidence from manuscript dictionaries of the Kalmyk language). Field Studies. 2016. No. 3. Pp. 92–103. (In Russ.)

7. Bembeev E. V. An effort of quantitative processing of one Old Kalmyk (Clear Script) text: numerical characteristics. Bulletin of the Kalmyk Institute for Humanities of the RAS. 2012. No. 2. Pp. 163–168. (In Russ.)

8. Bembeev E. V., Kukanova V. V., Kadzhiev A. Yu. A frequency dictionary of modern Kalmyk: textual analysis guidelines. Bulletin of the Kalmyk Institute for Humanities of the RAS. 2014. No. 3. Pp. 128–141. (In Russ.)

9. Burykin A. A. Electronic resource for studies in the field of Russian lexicology and lexicography ‘Lexicographer’s Library’: experience, outlook for enlarging, possibilities of using. Theoretical and Applied Linguistics. 2015. Vol. 1. No. 4. Pp. 5–28. (In Russ.)

10. Burykin A. A. The Lexicographer’s Library: outlining the shaping of a digital library for Russian lexicology and lexicography research. In: [Contemporary Information Technologies and Written Heritage: from Ancient Texts to Digital Libraries. El’Manuscript-08]. Conf. proc. V. D. Soloviev, V. A. Baranov (eds.). Kazan, 2008. Pp. 52–55. (In Russ.)

11. Burykin A. A., Muzraeva D. N. Dictionary and text in digital discourse: preparation and use (a case study of Mongolian and Oirat texts). In: [Networking in Oriental Studies: Education, Science, Culture]. Conf. proc. (Elista; December 7–10, 2017). Elista: Kalmyk State University, 2017. Pp. 75–78. (In Russ.)

12. Burykin A. A., Omakaeva E. U. A mid-18th Russian-Kalmyk dictionary as a monument of domestic Kalmyk studies. In: [Altaic and Mongolian Studies (Language and Literature): Topical Issues]. Symposium proc. Elista, 1999. Pp. 18–21. (In Russ.)

13. Galtsan Adiyan. [A Dictionary of Oirat Mongolian]. Vols. 1–4. Karamai, 2006. 2011 p. (In Oir.)

14. Kalinin A. Yu. Information and communication technology in interpreter training: e-tools and multimedia content. PNRPU Linguistics and Pedagogy Bulletin. 2017. No. 2. Pp. 131–139. (In Russ.)

15. Korneeva L. I., Panasenkov N. A. Information and communication technologies in teaching the future linguists. PNRPU Linguistics and Pedagogy Bulletin. 2019. No. 2. Pp. 140–148. (In Russ.)

16. Krueger J. R. Materials for an Oirat-Mongolian to English Citation Dictionary (Publications of the Mongolia Society). Vols. 1–3. Bloomington: Mongolia Society, 1978–1984. 816 p. (In Eng. and Oir.)

17. Kukanova V. V. Creation of a reverse dictionary of the Kalmyk language: articulation of issue revisited (preliminary comments). In: [Mongolian Studies (Mongol Sudlal)]. Vol. 5. Elista, 2011. Pp. 199–206. (In Russ.)

18. Kukanova V. V. Kalmyk National Corpus: meta description tags. Bulletin of the Kalmyk Institute for Humanities of the RAS . 2011. No. 1. Pp. 139–145. (In Russ.)

19. Kukanova V. V. Parallel Corpora of the Kalmyk Language: Principle of Construction and Prospects. Vestnik Buryatskogo nauchnogo tsentra Sibirskogo otdeleniya Rossiyskoy akademii nauk. Ulan-Ude: Buryat Scientific Center (Sib. Branch) of RAS, 2013. No.4 (12). Pp. 137–147. (In Russ.)

20. Kukanova V. V. The Corpus of ‘early’ Clear Script (Old Kalmyk) texts. In: [42nd International Philological Conference]. Conf. proc. (St. Petersburg; March 11–17, 2013). St. Petersburg: Philological Faculty of St. Petersburg University, 2013. Pp. 11–13. (In Russ.)

21. Kukanova V. V., Bembeev E. V. Digital lexicographic databases of the Kalmyk language. In: [Topical Issues of Contemporary Mongolian and Altaic Studies]. Conf. proc. Elista: Kalmyk State University, 2014. Pp. 210–216. (In Russ.)

22. Kukanova V. V., Bembeev E. V., Muzraeva D. N. On the question of Unicode encoding of ‘Todo Script’ graphics system and creating a database of texts on Old Kalmyk language. Vestnik of Kalmyk University. 2019. No. 3 (19). Pp. 65–75. (In Russ.)

23. Kukanova V. V., Kadzhiev A. Yu. Kalmyk Morphological Parser: algorithm of work. In: [Contemporary Information Technologies and Written Heritage. El’Manuscript-14]. Conf. proc. (Varna – Kamchia, Bulgaria; September 15–20, 2014). V. A. Baranov, V. Zhelyazkova, A. M. Lavrentiev (eds.). Sofia; Izhevsk, 2014. Pp. 116–119. (In Russ.)

24. Kukanova V. V., Mikhaleva T. A. Revisiting one more ‘anonymous’ Kalmyk-Russian dictionary (1871, 1875). In: [Mongolian Studies (Mongol Sudlal)]. 2018. Vol. 12. Pp. 219–284. (In Russ.)

25. Shovgenina E. A., Novozhilova A. A. Teaching prospective translators to use electronic resources as base of their future competitiveness and success. Science Journal of Volgograd State University. Ser. 6. 2013. No. 14. Pp. 70–76. (In Russ.)

26. Todaeva B. Kh. [Language of Xinjiang Oirats: Dictionary (Compiled from Jangar Epic Texts and Author’s Field Data)]. G. Ts. Pyurbeev (ed.). Elista: Kalmyk Book Publ., 2001. 494 p. (In Oir. and Russ.)

27. [The Oirat Dictionary of Poetic Expressions]. N. S. Yakhontova (facsimile, transl., etc.). Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, 2010. 615 p. (In Oir. and Russ.)