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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mongol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Монголоведение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mongolian Studies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-1523</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-8059</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Калмыцкий научный центр Российской академии наук</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22162/2500-1523-2026-1-125-140</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mongol-1938</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОЧНИКОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SOURCE STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Об исследователях Тибета конца XIX – начала XX вв. и их дневниках</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>About the Researchers of Tibet of the end of the 19th – beginning 20th Centuries and their Diaries</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-6186</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ванчикова</surname><given-names>Цымжит Пурбуевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vanchikova</surname><given-names>Tsymzhit P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор исторических наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sc. (History), Professor, Chief Research Associate</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vanchikova.ts@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт монголоведения, буддологии и тибетологии СО РАН (д. 6, ул. Сахьяновой, 670047 Улан-Удэ, Российская Федерация)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the RAS (6, Sakhyanova St., 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>125</fpage><lpage>140</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ванчикова Ц.П., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ванчикова Ц.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vanchikova T.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mongoloved.kigiran.com/jour/article/view/1938">https://mongoloved.kigiran.com/jour/article/view/1938</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Тибет на рубеже XIX–XX вв. был объектом геополитических интересов Англии и России. Этот период известен в истории как период «Большой игры». В конце XIX – начале XX в. Тибет был закрыт правительством Китая и тибетскими властями для въезда иностранцев, кроме ограниченного посещения буддистами-паломниками. Он стал объектом активного изучения со стороны всех заинтересованных стран, в нем побывали и индийские паломники-путешественники, в том числе ученый Сарат Чандра Дас, несколько японских паломников-исследователей, наиболее известным из которых является японский буддийский монах Экай Кавагути (1866–1945), а также российские исследователи и путешественники ― Г. Ц. Цыбиков и О. М. Норзунов. Цель статьи ― дать краткое описание их жизни и деятельности, а также дневников и путевых заметок в качестве источников по истории Тибета и для характеристики их вклада в изучение Тибета, тибетского общества и буддизма рассматриваемого периода. Материалы и методы. Материалами для исследований послужили дневники путешественников, посетивших с исследовательской целью Тибет в XIX – начале XX вв. В работе применялись сравнительно-сопоставительный метод для выявления уникальности материалов дневников, методы источниковедческого анализа источников, такие как хронологический и ретроспективный, позволившие выявить и рассмотреть приводимые в дневниках сведения в последовательности и выявить изменения, произошедшие со времени их повествования, и их значение для изучения, восстановления и реконструкции утраченных явлений и памятников архитектуры и культуры, что делает актуальным специальное изучение письменного наследия Г. Ц. Цыбикова, О. М. Норзунова, Сарат Чандра Даса и Экай Кавагути и их контент-анализ. Результаты и выводы. Хотя статусы, социальное и материальное положение исследователей Тибета были разные: от привилегированного положения С. Ч. Даса, положения О. М. Норзунова и Г. Ц. Цыбикова, за которыми стояло Российское государство, до авантюрного путешествия буддийского монаха, паломника Экаи Кавагути, — все они были выдающимися людьми. Их дневники независимо от целей и установок содержат в той или иной степени полноты ценные сведения о социально-культурной, экономической жизни Тибета и тибетцев наряду с обширной фактической информацией.   </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Tibet at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries was an object of the geopolitical interests of Britain and Russia in relation to Tibet and China. This period is known in history as the “Big Game” period. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries Tibet has been closed by the Chinese government and Tibetan authorities to foreigners, except for limited visits by Buddhist pilgrims. It has become the object of active study by all interested countries, and has been visited by Indian pilgrim travelers, including scientist Sarath Chandra Das, several Japanese pilgrim researchers, the most famous of whom was Ekai Kawaguchi (1866–1945), a Japanese Buddhist monk, as well as Russian researchers and travelers G. Ts. Tsybikov and O. M. Norzunov. The goal of the article is to provide a brief description of their lives and activities, as well as their diaries and travel notes as sources on the history of Tibet and for characterizing their contribution to the study of Tibet, Tibetan society and Buddhism during the period under review. Materials and methods. The materials for the research were the diaries of travelers who visited Tibet for research purposes in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The work used a comparative method to identify the uniqueness of the materials of the diaries, methods of source analysis of sources, such as chronological and retrospective, which made it possible to identify and consider the information given in the diaries in sequence and to identify the changes that have occurred since their narration, and their significance for the study, restoration and reconstruction of lost phenomena and monuments of architecture and culture., which makes relevant the special study of the written heritage of G. Ts. Tsybikov, O. M. Norzunova, Sarat Chandra Dasa and Ekai Kawaguchi and their content analysis/ Results and conclusions. Though their statuses, social and financial status of the researchers were different: from the privileged position of Das, the position of O. M. Norzunov and G. Ts. Tsybikov, who were backed by the Russian state, to the adventurous journey of the Buddhist monk Ekai Kawaguchi, who was repeatedly on the verge of death, they all were outstanding people, scientists, researchers. Their diaries, regardless of their goals and tasks, contain, to varying degrees of completeness, valuable information about the socio-cultural and economic life of Tibet and Tibetans along with extensive factual information.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Сарат Чандра Дас</kwd><kwd>Овше Норзунов</kwd><kwd>Гомбожаб Цыбиков</kwd><kwd>Экай Кавагути</kwd><kwd>дневники путешествий</kwd><kwd>Тибет</kwd><kwd>паломники</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Gombozhab Tsybikov</kwd><kwd>Ovshe Norzunov</kwd><kwd>Sarat Chandra Das</kwd><kwd>Ekai Kawaguchi</kwd><kwd>travel diaries</kwd><kwd>Tibet</kwd><kwd>pilgrims</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено в рамках государственного задания «Памятники письменности истории и культуры народов России и Внутренней Азии: источниковедческие исследования и создание базы данных» (№ 126020616774-8).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out within the state assignment “Written Heritage of Russia and Inner Asia: Source Studies and Database Development” (project no. 126020616774-8).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алексеева 2010 — Алексеева П. 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