<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mongol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Монголоведение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mongolian Studies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-1523</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-8059</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Калмыцкий научный центр Российской академии наук</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22162/2500-1523-2025-3-450-460</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mongol-1841</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВСЕОБЩАЯ ИСТОРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENERAL (WORLD) HISTORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>О раннем гелугпинском монастыре Внутренней Монголии ― Майдари-джу</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On the Early Gelug Monastery of Inner Mongolia ― Maidari-juu</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-6186</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ванчикова</surname><given-names>Цымжит Пурбуевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vanchikova</surname><given-names>Tsymzhit P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор исторических наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sc. (History), Professor, Chief Research Associate</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vanchikova.ts@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт монголоведения, буддологии и тибетологии СО РАН (д. 6, ул. Сахьяновой, 670047 Улан-Удэ, Российская Федерация)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the RAS (6, Sakhyanova St., 670047  Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>450</fpage><lpage>460</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ванчикова Ц.П., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ванчикова Ц.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vanchikova T.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mongoloved.kigiran.com/jour/article/view/1841">https://mongoloved.kigiran.com/jour/article/view/1841</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. В конце XIX в. во Внутренней Монголии насчитывалось более 1 200 монастырей, к сожалению, о большинстве из них сохранились только названия или упоминания в некоторых исторических хрониках или архивных документах. Анализ исследований показал, что монастырь Майдари-джу практически не известен в российской историографии, потому целью статьи является дать краткое описание истории монастыря, его храмовой структуры, проанализировать архитектурные и историко-культурные особенности, рассмотреть современное состояние комплекса. Были использованы сравнительно-сопоставительный и нарративный методы для изложения истории монастыря в хронологической последовательности, для анализа событий и обобщения данных, типологический для сравнения его с другими монастырями Внутренней Монголии. Основными источниками стали статьи китайских и европейских ученых, информация из интернет-сайта монастыря, материалы, собранные во время поездки в монастырь в 2024 г. Результаты и выводы. Майдари-джу ― один из самых ранних монгольских монастырей, основанный в 1565 г. Алтан-ханом (1507–1581) на территории современного поселка Майдари-джу в западно-тумэтском хошуне недалеко от города Баотоу. Он создавался как ставка Алтан-хана (Йеке Байшин), центр его княжества, в котором проживали и его родственники, и потомки, и придворные, позднее преобразованный в храмовый комплекс, где наряду с монахами жило и местное население. В 1606 г. в монастырь из Тибета прибыл Майдари-хутухту,. по имени которого стали называть монастырь. Поселение и монастырь процветали вплоть до кончины Майдари-хутухту и основных наследников Алтан-хана. Монастырь сыграл важную роль в распространении тибетского буддизма среди тумэтов. К концу XIX в. нем насчитывалось 15 храмов, из которых к настоящему времени сохранилось 6 больших храмов, взятых под охрану в 1979 г. После длительного перерыва, с конца 1990-х гг. в нем были частично возобновлены богослужения. В 1996 г. монастырь был включен в список «Основных национальных исторических и культурных объектов Внутренней Монголии». Сейчас монастырь является не только крупным туристическим объектом, но и действующим буддистским монастырем, функционирующим в соответствии с политикой Коммунистической партии Китая и со всеми законодательными актами, касающимися религий и этнических меньшинств.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. By the end of the 19th century, there were more than 1 200 monasteries in Inner Mongolia. Unfortunately, only names or mentions in some historical chronicles or archival documents have remained about most of them. The analysis of the researches on the history of Maidari-juu monastery showed that this monastery is practically unknown in Russian historiography, therefore the purpose of the article is to give a brief description of the history of the monastery, its temple structure, analyze its architectural and historical-cultural features, and consider the current state of the complex. Comparative and narrative methods were used to present the history of the monastery in chronological order, to analyze events and summarize data, and typologically compare it with other monasteries of Inner Mongolia. The articles by Chinese and European scholars, information from the monastery’s website, and materials collected during the trip to the monastery in 2024 have been used as the main sources. Results and Conclusions. Maidari-juu is one of the earliest Mongolian monasteries, founded in 1565 by Altan Khan (1507–1581) on the territory of the modern settlement of Maidari-juu in the Western Tumet khoshun near the city of Baotou. It was planned to be the headquarters of Altan Khan (Yeke Baysing), his principal administrative center, where his relatives, descendants, and courtiers would live, later it was transformed into a temple complex, where the local population lived along with monks. In 1606, Maidari khutukhtu arrived at the monastery from Tibet, after whom the monastery was named later on. The settlement and the monastery flourished until the death of Maidari khutukhtu and the main heirs of Altan Khan. The monastery played an important role in the spread of Tibetan Buddhism among the Tumets. By the end of the 19th century there were 15 temples in it, out of which 6 large temples, taken under protection in 1979, have survived up to the present day. After a long break, religious services have been partially resumed in it in the late 1990s. In 1996, the monastery was included into the list of the “Major National Historical and Cultural Sites of Inner Mongolia”. Now the monastery is not only a major tourist site, but also an active Buddhist monastery, functioning in accordance with the policy of the Chinese Communist Party and all legislative acts concerning religions and ethnic minorities. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тумэтский Алтан-хан</kwd><kwd>Майдари-джу</kwd><kwd>Майдари-хутухту</kwd><kwd>история монастыря</kwd><kwd>храмовые постройки</kwd><kwd>настенная живопись</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Tumet Altan Khan</kwd><kwd>Maidari-juu</kwd><kwd>Maidari-khutukhtu</kwd><kwd>monastery history</kwd><kwd>temple buildings</kwd><kwd>wall paintings</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья выполнена в рамках государственного задания «Письменные традиции народов Байкальского региона в контексте историко-культурного наследия России и Внутренней Азии» (№ 121031000263-3).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The reported study was funded by government subsidy project  no. 121031000263-3 “The Writing Traditions of the Peoples of the Baikal Region in the Context of Historical and Cultural Heritage of Russia and Inner Asia”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баотоу ― Баотоу [электронный ресурс] // URL: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Баотоу (дата обращения: 01.02.2025).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baotou. Availble at: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Баотоу (accessed: 1 February 2025). (In Eng.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Управление религиозными делами ― Управление религиозными де­лами Внутренней Монголии на 2012 год [электронный ресурс] // URL: http://www.fjdh.cn/ffzt/fjhy/amsy2012/11/153638193873.html (дата обращения: 25.09.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Religious Affairs Administration of Inner Mongolia for 2012. Availble at: http://www.fjdh.cn/ffzt/fjhy/amsy2012/11/153638193873.html (accessed: 25 September 2024). (In Eng.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Meidaizhao Monastery ― Meidaizhao Mo­nastery [электронный ресурс] // URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meidaizhao_Monastery (дата обращения: 25.09.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Meidaizhao Monastery.  Availble at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meidaizhao_Monastery (accessed: 25 September 2024). (In Eng.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Foreigners in China ― Foreigners in China // URL: http://www.foreignercn.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=7909:meidaizhao-lamasery&amp;catid=39:inner-mongolia&amp;Itemid=123 (дата обращения: 25.09.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Foreigners in China. Availble at:  http://www.foreignercn.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=7909:meidaizhao-lamasery&amp;catid=39:inner-mongolia&amp;Itemid=123 (accessed: 25 September 2024). (In Eng.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алексанян 2022 ― Алексанян А. Рецензия на: Feuchtwang, S. (ed.) (2020) Handbook on Religion in China. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. 488 pp. // Государство – религия – церковь. 2022. № 2(40). С. 305–312.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aleksanyan A. Review of: Feuchtwang S. (ed.) (2020) Handbook on Religion in China. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. 488 p. State – Religion – Church. 2022. No. 2 (40). Pp. 305–312. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Афонина 2003 ― Афонина Е. Н. К оценке политики тумэтского Алтан-хана (1507–1581) // Mongolica-VI. СПб.: Петербургское Востоковедение, 2003. С. 39–47.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Afonina E. N. On the Assessment of the Policy of the Tumet Altan Khan (1507–1581). In: Mongolica-VI. St. Petersburg: Petersburskoe Vostokovedenie, 2003. Pp.  39–47. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">История в трудах ученых лам 2005 ― История в трудах ученых лам / cост. А. С. Железняков, А. Д. Цендина. М.: Товарищество научных изданий КМК, 2005. 275 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">History in the Works of Learned Lamas A. Zheleznyakov, A. Tsendina (comps.). Moscow: KMK Scientific Publications Partnership, 2005. 275 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Маслов 2011 ― Маслов А. А. Байлянь-цзяо // Философия буддизма: энциклопедия / отв. ред. М. Т. Степанянц. М.: Вост. лит., ИФ РАН, 2011. 1045 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maslov A. A. Bailian-jiao. In: Philosophy of Buddhism: Encyclopedia M. Stepanyants (ed.). Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, Institute of Philosophy (RAS), 2011. 1045 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Почекаев 2011 ― Почекаев Р. Ю. Уложение Алтан-хана ― монгольский правовой памятник второй половины XVI в. // Правоведение. Известия высших учебных заведений: научно-теоретический журнал. 2011. № 1. С. 119–139.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pochekaev R. Yu. The Altan Khan Code is a Mongolian Legal Monument of the Second Half of the 16th Century. Pravovedenie. News of Higher Educational Institutions: Scientific and Theoretical Journal. 2011. No. 1. Pp. 119–139. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bai čun 1998 ― Bai čun. Mayidari-yin juu. Köke qota: Obür Mongɣol-un arad-un keblel-ün qoriy-a, 1998. 91 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bai chun. Mayidari-yin juu. Köke qota: Inner Mongolia People’s Publishing House, 1998. 91 p. (In Mong.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Charleux 1999 ― Charleux I. La peinture des donateurs du temple de Maitreya en Mongolie méridionale // Arts asiatiques. 1999. Vol. 54. Pp. 85–102.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Charleux I. The Painting of the Donors of the Maitreya Temple in Southern Mongolia. Asian Arts. 1999. Vol. 54. Pp. 85–102. (In French)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Charleux 2006 ― Charleux I. Temples et monastères bouddhiques de Mongolie-Intérieure. Paris: Comité des Travaux Historiques et Scientifiques / Institut National d’Histoire de l’Art, 2006. 373 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Charleux I. Buddhist Temples and Monasteries of Inner Mongolia. Paris: Committee for Historical and Scientific Works.National Institute of Art History, 2006. 373 p. (In French)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Charleux 2014 ― Charleux I. Recent researches on the Maitreya Monastery in Inner Mongolia (China) // Asiatische Studien. 2014. Vol. 68. No. 1. Pp. 1–64. DOI: 10.1515/asia-2014-0001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Charleux I. Recent Researches on the Maitreya Monastery in Inner Mongolia (China). Asiatische Studien. 2014. Vol. 68. No. 1. Pp. 1–64. (In Eng.) DOI: 10.1515/asia-2014-0001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jin Shen 1984 ― Jin Shen. Meidai zhao [Le Mayidari-yin juu]. Hohhot: Nei Menggu renmin chubanshe, 1984. 113 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jin Shen. Maydary Monastery. Hohhot: Nei Menggu renmin chubanshe, 1984. 113 p. (In Chin. and Mong.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kollmar-Paulenz 2000 ― Kollmar-Paulenz K. New Data on the Life of the Jonggen Qatun, the Third Wife of Altan Qayan of the Tumed Mongols // Central Asiatic Journal. 2000. Т. 44. № 2. Pp. 190–204.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kollmar-Paulenz K. New Data on the Life of the Jonggen Qatun, the Third Wife of Altan Qayan of the Tumed Mongols. Central Asiatic Journal. 2000. Vol. 44. No. 2. Pp. 190–204 (In Eng).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kollmar-Paulenz 2001 ― Kollmar-Paulenz K. Erdeni tunumal neretü sudur. Die Biographie des Altan qagan der Tümed-Mongolen. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der religionspolitischen Beziehungen zwischen der Mongolei und Tibet im ausgehenden 16 Jahrhundert // Asia­tische Forschungen. Bd. 142. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2001. 390 p. (In Germ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kollmar-Paulenz K. Erdeni Tunumal Neretü Sudur. The Biography of the Altan Qagan of the Tümed Mongols. A Contribution to the History of Religio-Political Relations between Mongolia and Tibet in the Late 16th Century. Asiatische Forschungen. Vol. 142. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2001. 390 p. (In Germ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sasin-u toli 1996 ― Sasin-u toli. Dictionary of Religions. Tungliyao: Surɣan kümüjil-ün keblekü qoriy-a, 1996. 933 p. (In Mong.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sasin-u toli. Dictionary of Religions. Tungliyao: Surɣan kümüjil-ün keblekü qoriy-a, 1996. 933 p. (In Mong.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Serruys 1974 ― Serruys H. Two Remarkable Women in Mongolia: The Third Lady Erketi Qatun and Dayicing-Beyiji // Asia Major. 1974. Vol. XIX. № 2. Pp. 191–245.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Serruys H. Two Remarkable Women in Mongolia: Tte Third Lady Erketi Qatun and Dayicing-Beyiji. Asia Major. 1974.  Vol. XIX. No. 2. Pp. 191–245. (In Eng.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wanli wugong lu 1935― Wanli wugong lu 萬曆武功錄 (= Record of the Military Accomplishments of the Wanli Era), by Qu Jiusi 瞿九思 (jinshi in 1573), 7 juan. Ed. in Guoxue wenku 國學文庫. Vol. XX. Beijing: Wendiange, 1935. 164 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Record of the Military Accomplishments of the Wanli Era (萬曆武功錄). By Qu Jiusi 瞿九思 (jinshi in 1573), 7 juan.  Ed. in Guoxue wenku 國學文庫. Vol. XX. Beijing: Wendiange, 1935. 164 p. (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ying Quangpin 2009 ― Ying Quangpin 内蒙古“城寺”美岱召考述_银光平 (= Research of Maidai Monastery in Chensi). Magister Dissertation. Khuh-khot. 12 May, 2009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ying Quangpin. Research of Maidai Monastery in Chensi. Magister Dissertation. Khuh-khot. 12 May, 2009. (In Chin.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
