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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mongol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Монголоведение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mongolian Studies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-1523</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-8059</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Калмыцкий научный центр Российской академии наук</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22162/2500-1523-2024-4-694-704</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mongol-1625</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОЧНИКОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SOURCE STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Монголы в армянских рукописных источниках  XIII–XIV вв.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mongols in Armenian Manuscript Sources  of the 13th–14th Centuries</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7000-5335</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шахназарян</surname><given-names>Арташес Иванович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shahnazaryan</surname><given-names>Artashes I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат исторических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sc. (History), Leading Research Associate</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artashesshahnazaryan.1950@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2579-0286</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мелконян</surname><given-names>Ашот Агасиевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melkonyan</surname><given-names>Ashot A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор исторических наук, академик</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sc. (History), Academician</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ashamelk@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1224-1341</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крючков</surname><given-names>Игорь Владимирович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kryuchkov</surname><given-names>Igor V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор исторических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sc. (History), Professor, Head of Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">igory5@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5021-2150</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Худанян</surname><given-names>Арутюн Оганесович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khudanyan</surname><given-names>Harutyun H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, младший научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D. Student, Junior Research Associate</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hkhudanyan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт истории Национальной академии наук</institution><country>Армения</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Academy of Sciences, Institute of History</institution><country>Armenia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт истории Национальной академии наук;&#13;
Ереванский государственный университет</institution><country>Армения</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Academy of Sciences, Institute of History;&#13;
Yerevan State University</institution><country>Armenia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Кавказский федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Caucasus Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>694</fpage><lpage>704</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шахназарян А.И., Мелконян А.А., Крючков И.В., Худанян А.О., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шахназарян А.И., Мелконян А.А., Крючков И.В., Худанян А.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shahnazaryan A.I., Melkonyan A.A., Kryuchkov I.V., Khudanyan H.H.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mongoloved.kigiran.com/jour/article/view/1625">https://mongoloved.kigiran.com/jour/article/view/1625</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Армянские рукописные источники эпохи Высокого Средневековья содержат обширную и ценную информацию о монголах, которые проникли в Армению во время своих экспедиционных походов в 1220–1222 гг. и управляли страной с 1236 г. по 1353 г. Эти источники предоставляют детальные описания монголов, охватывающие их имена, происхождение, родину, внешний вид, рацион, характер, обычаи, верования, вооружение, боевые искусства, язык и этнографические сведения в целом. Данный массив материалов имеет важное историческое значение, поскольку монголы сыграли ключевую роль в мировой истории. Научная ценность этого материала неоспорима, особенно в контексте монголоведения и этнологии монголов. Это обусловлено как разнообразием содержащихся в армянских источниках сведений, так и достоверностью большинства из них, которая подкреплена либо непосредственными наблюдениями авторов, либо сведениями, полученными из надежных источников, включая самих монголов. Не случайно, что рукописные источники систематически акцентируют внимание на точности изложенной информации. Настоящее исследование ставит своей целью обобщить и впервые ввести в научный оборот этнологические данные о монголах, представленные в богатых и ценных армянских рукописных источниках (исторических сочинениях, малых хрониках, колофонах рукописей) XIII–XIV вв. Материалы и методы. Среди армянских рукописных источников, содержащих этнографические сведения о монголах, особенно значимы историографические труды таких выдающихся историков, как Киракос Гандзакеци, Вардан Вардапет, Григор Акнерци, Смбат Спарапет, Хетум Историк и Степанос Орбелян. Несколько летописцев и авторов рукописных колофонов повторили или даже расширили их труды. Работа о монголах Ванакана Вардапета, учителя Киракоса Гандзакеци, Вардана Вардапета и Григора Акнерци, также, несомненно, содержала ценные сведения по этому вопросу. К сожалению, эта работа не сохранилась, хотя Вардан Вардапет почти наверняка опирался на нее в своих собственных трудах. В некоторых случаях Вардан также собирал материал о монголах из работ Киракоса Гандзакеци. Информация, связанная с этнографией и образом жизни монголов, зафиксированная в армянских источниках Высокого Средневековья, представлена здесь посредством сочетания историко-сравнительного и историко-аналитического методов реконструкции истории. Результаты. Приведенные выше свидетельства служат основанием для введения в научный оборот материалов армянских рукописных источников по монгольской этнологии, что будет способствовать углубленному, всестороннему изучению и пониманию этнографических особенностей монголов в рассматриваемый исторический период.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. A significant amount of diverse and valuable information regarding the Mongols, who arrived in Armenia during their exploratory expeditions in 1220–1222 and governed the country from 1236 to 1353, has been preserved in Armenian manuscript sources. These sources contain detailed accounts of the Mongols’ names, origin, homeland, appearance, food, character, customs, beliefs, weaponry, martial arts, language, and overall ethnology. This collection of insights illuminates the historical significance due to the fact that Mongols played a pivotal role in global history. The scientific importance of this material should not be underestimated, particularly for Mongolian studies and Mongolian ethnology. This significance arises from both the variety of accounts in the Armenian manuscript sources and the reliability of the majority of these reports. Many of these accounts are based either on direct observations by the authors or the information obtained from credible sources, including the Mongols themselves. It is no coincidence that this emphasis on accuracy is regularly highlighted within the manuscript sources. The purpose of this study is aimed at bringing together and, for the first time, introducing into scientific circulation the ethnological material on the Mongols provided in the rich and valuable Armenian manuscript sources (historical works, minor chronicles, manuscript colophons) of the High Middle Ages (13th-14th centuries). Materials and methods. Among the Armenian manuscript sources addressing the ethnological characteristics of the Mongols, the historiographical works of such notable historians as Kirakos Gandzaketsi, Vardan Vardapet, Grigor Aknertsi, Smbat Sparapet, Hetum the Historian, and Stepanos Orbelian are particularly prominent. Several chroniclers and authors of manuscript colophons have echoed or even expanded upon the mentioned above accounts. The work on the Mongols by Vanakan Vardapet, the teacher of Kirakos Gandzaketsi, by Vardan Vardapet and by Grigor Aknertsi, also undoubtedly contained valuable insights into this subject. Unfortunately, this work has not survived, although Vardan Vardapet almost certainly drew upon it in his own writings. In some cases, Vardan Vardapet also compiled material about the Mongols from the works by Kirakos Gandzaketsi. The information related to the ethnology and lifestyle of the Mongols, as recorded in the Armenian sources of the High Middle Ages, is presented here through a combination of historical compilation and analytical methods for the  reconstruction of the history. Results. The aforementioned evidence forms the basis for introducing the material from Armenian manuscript sources on Mongol ethnology into scientific discourse that will facilitate a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of the ethnological characteristics of the Mongols during the period in question. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>монголы</kwd><kwd>Киракос Гандзакеци</kwd><kwd>Вардан Вардапет</kwd><kwd>Григор Акнерци</kwd><kwd>Смбат Спарапет</kwd><kwd>Хетум Историк</kwd><kwd>Степанос Орбелян</kwd><kwd>армянские рукописи</kwd><kwd>этнография</kwd><kwd>«Чин и Мачин»</kwd><kwd>летопись</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Mongols</kwd><kwd>Kirakos Gandzaketsi</kwd><kwd>Vardan Vardapet</kwd><kwd>Grigor Aknertsi</kwd><kwd>Smbat Sparapet</kwd><kwd>Hetum the Historian</kwd><kwd>Stepanos Orbelian</kwd><kwd>Armenian manuscripts</kwd><kwd>ethnology</kwd><kwd>“Chin and Machin” chronicle.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aknertsi 1974 — Grigor Aknertsi. 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