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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mongol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Монголоведение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mongolian Studies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-1523</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-8059</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Калмыцкий научный центр Российской академии наук</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22162/2500-1523-2022-3-566-577</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mongol-1104</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭТНОЛОГИЯ И АНТРОПОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ETHNOLOGY AND ANTHROPOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Модернизационный вектор трансформации традиционного кочевого общества Монголии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transformation of Mongolia’s Traditional Nomadic Society: The Modernization Trend Analyzed</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9793-2274</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гомбожапов</surname><given-names>Александр Дмитриевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gombozhapov</surname><given-names>Alexandr D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат исторических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sc. (History), Leading Research Associate </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">agombozh@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0827-6311</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жалсанова</surname><given-names>Валентина  Гурожаповна </given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhalsanova</surname><given-names>Valentina G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат социологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sc. (Sociology), Senior Research Associate </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">valyazhal@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт монголоведения, буддологии и тибетологии СО РАН (д. 6, ул. Сахьяновой, 670047, Улан-Удэ, Российская Федерация)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies, Siberian Branch of the RAS (6, Sakhyanova St., 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>566</fpage><lpage>577</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гомбожапов А.Д., Жалсанова В.Г., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гомбожапов А.Д., Жалсанова В.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gombozhapov A.D., Zhalsanova V.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mongoloved.kigiran.com/jour/article/view/1104">https://mongoloved.kigiran.com/jour/article/view/1104</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Трансформация кочевого общества — многоплановый процесс. Социальная организация и внутренняя структура кочевого общества Монголии, претерпев кардинальные преобразования XX в., несет в себе различные импульсы дальнейшего развития. Цель статьи — раскрыть внутреннюю содержательную сторону трансформационного процесса современного кочевого общества Монголии. Авторы рассматривают социальную систему кочевников как самоорганизующуюся, которая, приспосабливаясь к новым условиям рынка и товарно-денежных отношений, регенерирует институты традиционного общества, закрепляет новые порядки, формирует современные формы социального объединения и взаимодействия. На основе литературных и авторских полевых материалов прослежены явления трансформации в экономической, социальной и культурной сферах жизнедеятельности номадов Монголии. Результаты. Показано, что кочевые домохозяйства постепенно втягиваются в рыночные отношения и вместе с тем включаются в общее разделение труда. Определены функции современной кочевой общины: защита находящихся в пользовании пастбищ, совместное использование водных и других природных ресурсов и т. д. Выводы. В ходе исследования были получены основные характеристики трансформации кочевого общества: товаризация и индивидуализация кочевого скотоводческого хозяйства, и, как их следствие, рационализация экономического поведения, сохранение подвижного (мобильного) образа жизни при ограничении пределов кочевок и отчетливой локализации сезонных стоянок, замещение традиционных ценностей рыночными. Авторы подчеркивают, что происходит постепенная замена родственных связей территориальными в образовании социальных групп кочевников. Формирование территориальной общности показывает преодоление консервативных черт номадного общества, где весомую роль играют родственные связи, происхождение и т. д.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Transformation of a nomadic society is a multifaceted process. The social organization and inner structure of Mongolia’s nomadic society have undergone cardinal changes of the 20th century — only to experience various impulses of further development. Goals. The article aims to reveal the inner substantial side inherent to the transformation process within contemporary Mongolia’s nomadic society. The paper considers the social system of nomads as a self-organizing one that adapts to new market conditions and commodity-money relations to regenerate the institutions of traditional society, strengthen new social orders, and create advanced forms of social alliances and interactions. Materials. The work analyzes literary and field materials for insights into the phenomena of transformation in economic, social and cultural spheres of Mongolia’s nomads. Results. The study shows nomadic households are being gradually involved into market relations to be incorporated in the general division of labor system; defines functions of a contemporary nomadic community, such as protection of pastures in use, sharing of water and other natural resources, etc. Conclusions. The study delineates key characteristics inherent to the observed transformation of nomadic society, namely: commodification and individualization of nomadic livestock breeding and, as a consequence, rationalization of economic behavior, preservation of a mobile (migratory) lifestyle to be accompanied by fixation of nomadic boundaries and distinct localization of seasonal camps, replacement of traditional values by market ones. It is emphasized that kinship ties are being gradually replaced by territorial ones when it comes to identify borders of present-day nomadic social groups. The emergence of a territorial community attests to the overcoming of conservative features typical of nomadic society once largely based on family ties, tribal background, etc. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Монголия</kwd><kwd>трансформация</kwd><kwd>кочевники</kwd><kwd>общество</kwd><kwd>модернизация</kwd><kwd>социальная организация</kwd><kwd>община</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Mongolia</kwd><kwd>transformation</kwd><kwd>nomads</kwd><kwd>society</kwd><kwd>modernization</kwd><kwd>social organization</kwd><kwd>community</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках государственного задания (проекты «Историческое пространство монгольского мира: археологические культуры, общества и государства», номер госрегистрации: 121031000241-1) и «Россия и Внутренняя Азия: динамика геополитического, социально-экономического и межкультурного взаимодействия (XVII–XXI вв.», номер госрегистрации: 121031000243-5).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The reported study was funded by government assignment, projects no. 121031000241-1 ‘Historical Space of the Mongol World: Archaeological Cultures, Societies and States’ and no. 121031000243-5 ‘Russia and Inner Asia: Dynamics of Geopolitical, Socioeconomic and Cross-Cultural Interactions’.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бадараев и др. 2017 — Бадараев Д. 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