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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mongol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Монголоведение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mongolian Studies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-1523</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-8059</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Калмыцкий научный центр Российской академии наук</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22162/2500-1523-2022-3-450-458</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mongol-1095</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВСЕОБЩАЯ ИСТОРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENERAL (WORLD) HISTORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>История монастыря Ганден</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>History of Ganden Monastery</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1241-1854</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жабон</surname><given-names>Юмжана Жалсановна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhabon</surname><given-names>Yumzhana Zh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат исторических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sc. (History), Senior Research Associate</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yumzhan@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт монголоведения, буддологии и тибетологии СО РАН (д. 6, ул. Сахьяновой, 670047 Улан-Удэ, Российская Федерация)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies, Siberian Branch of the RAS (6, Sakhyanova St., 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>450</fpage><lpage>458</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жабон Ю.Ж., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жабон Ю.Ж.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhabon Y.Z.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mongoloved.kigiran.com/jour/article/view/1095">https://mongoloved.kigiran.com/jour/article/view/1095</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Статья посвящена краткой истории одного из трех крупнейших монастырей тибетской школы гелук монастыря Ганден. В истории духовной культуры монголоязычных народов исключительное место занимает традиция тибетской школы гелук. Поэтому интерес к монастырю Ганден определяется не только тем, что он был основан Ламой Цонкапой (1357–1419), основателем школы гелук и крупным буддийским деятелем Тибета, но и тем огромным религиозным, культурным и политическим влиянием, которую эта школа оказала на развитие и распространение буддизма среди монголоязычных народов. Целью исследования является изучение истории монастыря Ганден и аспекты ее материальной и духовной культуры. Материалы и методы. Работа основана на исследовании оригинальных тибетских текстов, анализа исторических источников и специальной научной литературы. Результаты. В статье показано, что образовательная программа, центральные принципы и уставные положения, заложенные Ламой Цонкапой, организационная структура монастыря Ганден остаются практически неизменными с основания монастыря в 1409 г. Феномен тибетских монастырей состоит в многоаспектности, и, чтобы лучше понять и оценить роль, которую они играли на протяжении веков в духовной жизни многих народов, необходимо добиваться целостного понимания, в их собственных терминах, истории, сложившейся там системы образования, организационной структуры монастыря.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. The article summarizes the history of one of the three largest monasteries of the Tibetan Geluk school — Ganden Monastery. The latter tradition of Tibetan Buddhism occupies an exceptional place in the history of Mongolic spiritual cultures. Therefore, the interest in Ganden monastery is determined not only by that it had been founded by Je Tsongkhapa (1357–1419), the patriarch of the Geluk and a greatest Buddhist figure in Tibet, but also by the enormous religious, cultural and political impacts this sect has had on the development and dissemination of Buddhism among Mongolian-speaking peoples. Goals. The article seeks to investigate the history of Ganden Monastery in the context of its basic organizational structure, material culture (relics, shrines), paradigm of scholastic training (texts, educational process), and specific Buddhist rituals. Materials and methods. The work examines original Tibetan texts, analyzes historical sources and special scientific literature. Results. The article shows that the central principles of scholastic training and regulations laid down by Lama Tsongkhapa, as well as the organizational structure of the monastery, have remained virtually unchanged since its foundation in 1409. The phenomenon of Tibetan monasteries is multifaceted, and in order to better understand and appreciate the role they have played over centuries in spiritual life of many peoples it is necessary to achieve a complete understanding — in their own terms — of history, educational system, and organizational structure of the monastery.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Тибет</kwd><kwd>буддизм</kwd><kwd>монастырь Ганден</kwd><kwd>история монастыря</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Tibet</kwd><kwd>Buddhism</kwd><kwd>Ganden Monastery</kwd><kwd>history of the monastery</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке РНФ в рамках проекта «Бурятские буддисты-паломники по святым местам Тибета: историко-культурный атлас» (№ 22-18-20001).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The reported study was funded by Russian Science Foundation, project no. 22-18-20001 ‘Buryat Buddhist Pilgrims in Sacred Places of Tibet: A Historical and Cultural Atlas’.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Китинов 2017 — Китинов Б. 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